Computer - as any programmable electronic device that can store, retrieve, and process data (Webster Dictionary).
- A device that computes, especially a programmable electronic machine that performs high-speed mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, stores, correlates, or otherwise processes information.
Input Devices – are devices used to input data to the system for processing.
Ex. Keyboards, Mice, Webcam, CD/DVD-ROM Drives, Floppy Disk Drives,
Microphone, Scanner etc.
Output Devices – are devices used to output data from the system.
Ex. Monitor, Printer, Speaker etc.
Hardware - is a comprehensive term for all of the physical parts of a computer.
- Anything that can be touch by human that relates to computer.
Software - is the collection of computer programs and related data that provide the instructions telling a computer what to do.
System Software – software that is used to help computer run without this the
Computer won’t run.
Ex. Operating Systems
Application Software – examples are Microsoft Office (word, Exel etc.), Games,
Browsers (Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Opera, Netscape etc.)
Programming Software – software used to program
Ex. Turbo C, C++, Perl, Java etc.
Computer Primary Parts
Monitor – is a primary device, TV like, used for displaying information or data.
Ex. CRT – Cathode Ray Tube, LCD – Liquid Crystal Display etc.
Keyboard – is a primary device used for entering information or data to be processed by the System Unit.
Mouse – an input device used for navigating and interacting with the computer
Power supply - An electrical transformer regulates the electricity used by the computer.
CD-ROM/DVD-ROM/Multi Purpose Drives – is an input, output or input/output device that uses Disc (CD-ROM – Compact Disc Read Only Memory, DVD-ROM – Digital Versatile Disc Read Only Memory)
Floppy Drive - This is the slot in the front of your computer where you insert a disk to store data and move it to another computer.
System Unit (Professional Term) - also known as a base unit or CPU(Layman’s Term), is the main body of a desktop computer, typically consisting of a plastic enclosure containing the motherboard, power supply, cooling fans, internal disk drives, and the memory modules and expansion cards that are plugged into the motherboard, such as video and network cards.
- This is where all the important parts that processes data.
Computer Main Parts (System Units Parts)
Central processing unit (CPU) - The microprocessor "brain" of the computer system is called the central processing unit. It's a chip that holds a complete computational engine. It uses assembly language as its native language. Everything that a computer does is overseen by the CPU.
Memory - This is used to hold data. There are several specific types of memory in a computer:
Random-access memory (RAM) - Used to temporarily store information with which the computer is currently working
Read-only memory (ROM) – A permanent type of memory storage used by the computer for important data that doesn't change. (Not included as Main Parts)
Ex. CD, DVD, CD-RW, BluRay Disc
Hard disk - This is large-capacity permanent storage used to hold information such as programs and documents.
Basic input/output system (BIOS) - A type of ROM that is used by the computer to establish basic communication (POST – Power On Self-Test) when the computer is first powered on.
Motherboard - This is the main circuit board to which all of the other internal components connect. The CPU and memory are usually on the motherboard. Other systems may be found directly on the motherboard or connected to it through a secondary connection. For example, a sound card can be built into the motherboard or connected through an expansion slot.
Graphics card - This translates image data from the computer into a format that can be displayed by the monitor. Some graphics cards have their own powerful processing units (called a GPU -- graphics processing unit). The GPU can handle operations that normally would require the CPU.
Sound card - This is used by the computer to record and play audio by converting analog sound into digital information and back again.
Bus – are connectors used to transmit digital signals of data from one part of the system unit to another for processing.
Computer Extras
Printer – an output device used to produce hardcopy of documents from a computer.
- A device that converts soft copy documents or files into hard copy (printouts).
Scanner – an input device used to convert hard copy files, documents or Photo into Soft copy that can be processed by the computer.
Audio Output Device – a sound/audio output device.
Ex. Speaker, Headset, Headphone.
Microphone – an audio/sound input device.
Webcam – a video/image input device.
Modem – use to provide internet connection to a computer.
– is used to convert Digital signal to Analog signal or vice versa.
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